Account key
Key material that authorises actions for accounts, topics, files, and tokens.
Key list
Composite key structure enforcing threshold or multi-signature requirements.
issues decision
Connects a governance process to the decision it issues.
Validator
Node operator that participates in consensus or execution for Hedera or Hiero networks.
Consensus node
Validator node participating in Hedera consensus ordering and staking.
registered in
Indicates the canonical network where an artefact is recorded.
produces record
Indicates that a transaction phase emits a transaction record.
has phase order
Ordinal index used to order transaction lifecycle phases.
Mirror dataset
Dataset published by a mirror node exposing consensus records or account state.
precedes phase
Orders transaction phases within the lifecycle.
Validator onboarding process
Governance process that evaluates, approves, and activates validator participants.
has participant
Relates a process to the actors that are associated with it.
Transaction
Signed payload submitted to the Hedera network that changes ledger state upon execution.
Vote event
Governance decision capturing the voting record that authorises a change.
consumes artefact
Associates a service with artefacts it reads or depends upon.
Process
Coordinated activity that changes network state, such as transaction execution or governance voting.
has transaction phase
Associates a transaction artefact with the lifecycle phases it traverses.
Hiero execution layer
Hiero layer executing ordered transactions and maintaining state commitments.
Governance decision
Recorded outcome of a governance process, such as an approved vote or mandate.
Service
A capability offered by the Hedera network such as consensus, token management, or smart contract execution.
Transaction phase
Segment of the transaction lifecycle (submission, consensus, execution, export).
Transaction execution phase
Phase performing business logic and state transitions for the ordered transaction.
Concept
Abstract superclass for all Bhash ontology entities.
operates service
Indicates that an actor is responsible for operating or providing a service.
secures account
Indicates which account a key structure protects.
Transaction record
Structured record capturing the result of a processed transaction.
Actor
An agent that participates in Hedera or Hiero network operations, such as councils, operators, or wallets.
virtualises service
Relates a Hiero layer to the services it virtualises or hosts.
declines staking rewards
Boolean flag indicating the account opts out of receiving staking rewards.
has role
Associates an actor with a functional role it performs.
is operated by
Associates a service with the actor accountable for running it.
is governed by
Associates a network with the governance body that exercises authority over it.
Governance body
Formal collective responsible for decision-making over network policy or operations.
Event
Bounded outcome or observation emitted by a process, typically recorded through mirror nodes or logs.
is layer of
Links a Hiero layer to the network it belongs to.
has shard
Relates a network to a Hiero shard subdivision.
secured by
Connects an account to the key material that authorises its actions.
Role
Responsibility or capacity that an actor can perform within the network.
stakes to
Denotes the validator that receives stake from an account.
publishes dataset
Indicates that a mirror node publishes a dataset for consumers.
Bhash Core Ontology
Upper-level classes and properties capturing shared Hedera and Hiero network concepts, including identity, governance, transactions, and data export semantics.
Bhash Ontology Working Group
Phase 2 expands the scaffold with account, key, staking, transaction lifecycle, and Hiero overlay abstractions reused by downstream service modules.
Mirror export phase
Phase where consensus and balance data are exported to mirror nodes for querying.
has record
Links a transaction to the resulting record emitted after execution.
Network
A distributed environment (e.g., mainnet, testnet, shard) that provides Hedera services.
Mirror node
Data replication node exposing consensus history via REST and gRPC APIs.
has layer
Associates a network with one of its Hiero layers.
Account
On-ledger identity storing keys, balances, and staking configuration for participation in Hedera services.
targets validator
Identifies the validator being evaluated or activated by an onboarding process.
governs
Relates a governance body to the network scope over which it has authority.
submitted by
Identifies the account that paid for or submitted the transaction.
Staking process
Process that binds accounts to validator nodes and accrues staking rewards.
Hiero service layer
Hiero layer exposing Hedera services (tokens, consensus topics, contracts) to applications.
participates in
Connects an actor to a process in which it takes part.
Consensus finality phase
Phase in which consensus nodes order the transaction and assign a consensus timestamp.
Transaction submission
Phase where a client signs and submits the transaction to a node.
Hiero consensus layer
Hiero layer responsible for ordering transactions and coordinating validator sets.
Threshold key
Key arrangement requiring a subset of signatures out of a larger list to authorise an action.
Governance process
Process through which councils or committees evaluate and ratify network decisions.
has account ID
String identifier representing the canonical account ID (shard.realm.num).
exposed on
Indicates the network or shard through which a service is made available.
Hiero shard
Network partition within Hiero that localises consensus and execution responsibilities.
Hiero layer
Logical component of the Hiero architecture (consensus, execution, or service layer).
has account alias
Alias for the account, such as an EVM address or public key representation.
produces event
States that a process yields a specific event observation.
manages artefact
Links a service to the artefacts whose lifecycle it controls.
is published by
Links a dataset back to the mirror node that publishes it.
is shard of
Indicates which broader network a Hiero shard belongs to.
Node
Operational actor (consensus or mirror) providing network infrastructure.
has account
Relates an actor to an account under its control.
Public key
Individual Ed25519 or ECDSA key associated with accounts, contracts, and services.
records stake
Indicates the staking event emitted by a staking process.
has mandate
Textual reference to the charter, HIP, or policy that defines a governance body's authority.
is account of
Links an account back to the actor that owns or controls it.
Artefact
Digital object or state produced or managed by Hedera services (topics, tokens, files, smart contracts).
occurs on
Identifies the network context in which a process executes.
Staking event
Event recording a staking action or reward distribution.
source document
Reference link to Hedera or Hiero documentation that supports an ontology element.